VERTICAL BAR CHART: Maternal Morbidities and Risk Factors in Pregnancy, by Race/Ethnicity,* 2004
(Rate Per 1,000 Live Births)

Diabetes**
Total 35.8; Non-Hispanic White 34.3; Non-Hispanic Black 33.6; Hispanic 34.5
Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension
Total 37.9; Non-Hispanic White 43.3; Non-Hispanic Black 42.2; Hispanic 25.8
Chronic Hypertension
Total 9.6; Non-Hispanic White 9.9; Non-Hispanic Black 18.5; Hispanic 4.4
Eclampsia***
Total 2.7; Non-Hispanic White 2.6; Non-Hispanic Black 3.9; Hispanic 2.3
Hydramnios/Oligohydramnios****
Total 11.0; Non-Hispanic White 10.1; Non-Hispanic Black 12.7; Hispanic 11.8
Incompetent Cervix
Total 2.3; Non-Hispanic White 2.2; Non-Hispanic Black 4.3; Hispanic 1.4

*Data not reported for American Indian/Alaska Natives, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and persons of more than one race. **Includes both chronic and gestational diabetes. ***Eclampsia is characterized by seizures and generally follows preeclampsia, which is marked by high blood pressure, weight gain, and protein in the urine.****Hydramnios is too much amniotic fluid, while oligohydramnios is a lack of amniotic fluid.

Source: Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Sutton PD, Ventura SJ, Menacker F, Kirmeyer S. Births: final data for 2004. National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 55, No.1; 2006 Sept.